{"id":75,"date":"2020-01-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-03T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/?p=75"},"modified":"2025-11-09T21:55:59","modified_gmt":"2025-11-09T20:55:59","slug":"mestska-novorocni-astronomie-4-1-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/?p=75","title":{"rendered":"M\u011bstsk\u00e1 Novoro\u010dn\u00ed astronomie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/zahrada.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-10131\" src=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/zahrada-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"100\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Po\u010d\u00e1tek roku p\u0159inesl dv\u011b jasn\u00e9 noci, ale na obloze ji\u017e \u010d\u00e1st noci ru\u0161il dor\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edc (33 % \u2013 46 %), a tak na del\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdjezd za tmavou oblohou to nebylo, proto nastal \u010das d\u016fkladn\u011b otestovat \u00fazkop\u00e1smov\u00fd filtr <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optolongastronomy.com\/cms\/document\/detail\/id\/16.html\">Optolong L-eNhance<\/a> p\u0159\u00edmo u m\u011b doma na zahr\u00e1dce nedaleko pouli\u010dn\u00edho osv\u011btlen\u00ed, dalo by se \u0159\u00edci v naprosto nevhodn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed oblohy.<\/p>\n<p>Ale pr\u00e1v\u011b i do t\u011bchto \u201enevhodn\u00fdch\u201c podm\u00ednek je zkonstruovan\u00fd filtr Optolong L-eNhance ur\u010den\u00fd zejm\u00e9na pro barevn\u00e9 Astro kamery nebo DSLR.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Tento filtr propou\u0161t\u00ed sv\u011btlo pouze ve dvou \u00fazk\u00fdch oblastech sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho spektra, jak ukazuje obr\u00e1zek:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/L-eNhance.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10127 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/L-eNhance-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"195\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky H-Alpha a OIII s H-Beta, ve kter\u00fdch v\u011bt\u0161ina vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch zejm\u00e9na emisn\u00edch mlhovin nejv\u00edce vyza\u0159uje. Ostatn\u00ed vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky zejm\u00e9na sv\u011bteln\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 sod\u00edkov\u00fdmi v\u00fdbojkami t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zablokuje a na \u010dip kamery se nedostanou.<\/p>\n<p>Tak konec teorie a jdeme rovnou na uk\u00e1zky m\u00e9ho sna\u017een\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><strong>M 1 \u2013 Krab\u00ed mlhovina<\/strong> je poz\u016fstatek supernovy SN 1054, jej\u00ed\u017e vzplanut\u00ed pozorovali 4. \u010dervence roku 1054 \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed a arab\u0161t\u00ed astronomov\u00e9. Supernovu popsali jako \u010derveno-b\u00edlou hv\u011bzdu s ostr\u00fdmi paprsky sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edmi do 4 stran. V\u00fdbuchu si v\u0161imli i ameri\u010dt\u00ed indi\u00e1ni ze severn\u00ed Arizony a d\u00edky nim se tato ud\u00e1lost v podob\u011b n\u011bkolika kreseb zachovala a\u017e do dne\u0161n\u00edch dn\u016f. Jasnost\u00ed 6kr\u00e1t p\u0159ekonala Venu\u0161i a n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch 23 dn\u00ed byla vid\u011bt i p\u0159es den pouh\u00fdm okem. Potom postupn\u011b sl\u00e1bla a z oblohy se definitivn\u011b ztratila a\u017e za dal\u0161\u00edch 653 dn\u00ed. Poz\u016fstatek po supernov\u011b byl znovu nalezen a\u017e v \u010dasech objev\u016f dalekohled\u016f, v roce 1731 britsk\u00fdm amat\u00e9rsk\u00fdm astronom\u016fm Johnem Bevisem, kter\u00fd ji uvedl do sv\u00e9ho hv\u011bzdn\u00e9ho katalogu Uranographia Britannica. Podle z\u00e1znam\u016f ji nez\u00e1visle na n\u011bm objevil i Charles Messier v roce 1758 a za\u0159adil do sv\u00e9ho katalogu pod \u010d\u00edslem 1.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10128\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10128\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/M1-2020-01-01.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10128\" src=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/M1-2020-01-01-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"301\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10128\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">M 1 (Crab Nebula), 1. 1. 2020, Jablonec nad Nisou\u00a0 \u2013 Vrkoslavice, Celestron Egde HD 9.25&#8243;, Optec Lepus 0.64\u00d7, Optolong L-eNhance 2&#8243;, ZWO ASI294MC Pro, 40\u00d7180 sec, dark flat, bias.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>NGC 2264 \u2013 hv\u011bzdokupa V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed strome\u010dek<\/strong> je jasn\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u00e1 hv\u011bzdokupa vzd\u00e1len\u00e1 2 180 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let. Objevil ji britsk\u00fd astronom William Herschel 18. ledna 1784. Hv\u011bzdokupu obklopuje soustava dif\u00fazn\u00edch \u010derven\u00fdch vod\u00edkov\u00fdch mlhovin, sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je i temn\u00e1 Ku\u017eelov\u00e1 mlhovina, kterou Herschel objevil 26. prosince 1785. Vrchol ku\u017eelu sm\u011b\u0159uje proti vrcholu hv\u011bzdokupy.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10130\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10130\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/NGC2264-2020-01-02.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10130\" src=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/NGC2264-2020-01-02-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"301\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10130\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">NGC 2264 (Christmas Tree Cluster), 2. 1. 2020, Jablonec nad Nisou \u2013 Vrkoslavice, Celestron Egde HD 9.25&#8243;, Optec Lepus 0.64\u00d7, Optolong L-eNhance 2&#8243;, ZWO ASI294MC Pro, 22\u00d7180 sec, dark flat, bias.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>B 33 (IC 434) \u2013 Ko\u0148sk\u00e1 hlava<\/strong> je asi nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed temn\u00e1 mlhovina cel\u00e9 oblohy. Obrovsk\u00e9 mezihv\u011bzdn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed B 33 vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b stejn\u011b jako Velk\u00e1 mlhovina v Orionu vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed na pozad\u00ed jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed emisn\u00ed mlhoviny IC 434 tajupln\u00fd st\u00edn podobn\u00fd hlav\u011b kon\u011b na \u0161achovnici nebo mo\u0159sk\u00e9mu kon\u00edkovi.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10125\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10125\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/B33-2020-01-02v2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10125\" src=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/B33-2020-01-02v2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"301\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10125\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barnard 33 \/ IC 434 (Horsedhead Nebula), 2. 1. 2020, Jablonec nad Nisou \u2013 Vrkoslavice, Celestron Egde HD 9.25&#8243;, Optec Lepus 0.64\u00d7, Optolong L-eNhannce 2&#8243;, ZWO ASI294MC Pro, 32\u00d7180 sec, dark flat, bias.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>M 82 \u2013 Doutn\u00edk<\/strong> je nepravideln\u00e1 galaxie v souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Velk\u00e9 medv\u011bdice, byla objevena Johannem Elertem Bodem dne 31. prosince 1774 spole\u010dn\u011b s nedalekou M 81. Ob\u011b jsou dnes naz\u00fdv\u00e1ny jako Bodeho galaxie.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10129\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10129\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/M82-2020-01-01.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10129\" src=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/M82-2020-01-01-300x205.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"307\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10129\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">M 82 (Cigar Galaxy), 1. 1. 2020, Jablonec nad Nisou \u2013 Vrkoslavice, Celestron Egde HD 9.25&#8243;, Optec Lepus 0.64\u00d7, Optolong L-eNhance, 2&#8243;, ZWO ASI294MC Pro, 20\u00d7180 sec, dark flat, bias.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>IC 63 Duch v Cassiopeie<\/strong> \u2013 Asi 550 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let daleko v souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Cassiopeia le\u017e\u00ed m\u00edrn\u011b d\u011bsiv\u00e1 mlhovina IC 63 zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako duch v Cassiopeie. Je formov\u00e1na z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm bl\u00edzk\u00e9 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 hv\u011bzdy Gamma Cassiopeiae a pomalu eroduje ve stra\u0161ideln\u00fd oblak prachu a plynu.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10126\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10126\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/IC63-2020-01-01.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10126\" src=\"http:\/\/udalosti.astro.cz\/wp-content\/IC63-2020-01-01-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"301\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10126\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">IC 63 (Ghost of Cassiopeia), 1. 1. 2020, Jablonec nad Nisou \u2013 Vrkoslavice, Celestron Egde HD 9.25&#8243;, Optec Lepus 0.64\u00d7, Optolong L-eNhannce 2&#8243;, ZWO ASI294MC Pro, 20\u00d7180 sec, dark flat, bias.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Doprovodn\u00e9 informace \u010derp\u00e1ny z:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/\">https:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/\">https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.czsky.cz\/\">https:\/\/www.czsky.cz\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Roman Hujer (KaL)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po\u010d\u00e1tek roku p\u0159inesl dv\u011b jasn\u00e9 noci, ale na obloze ji\u017e \u010d\u00e1st noci ru\u0161il dor\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edc (33 % \u2013 46 %), a tak na del\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdjezd za tmavou oblohou to nebylo, proto nastal \u010das d\u016fkladn\u011b otestovat \u00fazkop\u00e1smov\u00fd filtr Optolong L-eNhance p\u0159\u00edmo u m\u011b doma na zahr\u00e1dce nedaleko pouli\u010dn\u00edho osv\u011btlen\u00ed, dalo by se \u0159\u00edci v naprosto nevhodn\u00fdch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":149,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomie","category-deepsky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=75"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":360,"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75\/revisions\/360"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=75"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=75"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hujer.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=75"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}